With normal recordings, absolute phase will have no audible effect on recorded music. It is just possible, I have heard claims to that effect, that with a recording of a single instrument or voice some people can 'hear' absolute phase. Can't hear it myself though.
The real fun occurs in regular recording practice. Professional recording microphone generate a balanced output by design, but given the perversity of the world of pro audio, europe and the USA use different standards on the 'standard' XLR connector. In europe pin 2 is +ve, pin 3 -ve, in the USA it is the other way round.
So if you use a mix of mics from different manufacturers, say, Shure, Electrovoice etc from the USA, AKG, Sennheisser etc from europe, they will be out of phase with each other. Back in the day, EMI technical department in Hayes would test and if necessary, reverse phase of mics bought for their studios, on the other hand, I know of many studios who were not even aware of the issue!
I would expect many regular commercial recordings will 'feature' out of phase mics, some are well known, others simply unnoticed.